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<title>Bug tracking system</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bug tracking system</span></span>

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<p>Tracking system or defect tracking system is a <a href="Software_application" class="mw-redirect" title="Software application">software application</a> that keeps track of reported <a href="Software_bug" title="Software bug">software bugs</a> in software development projects. It may be regarded as a type of <a href="Issue_tracking_system" title="Issue tracking system">issue tracking system</a>.

</p><p>Many bug tracking systems, such as those used by most <a href="Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source software</a> projects, allow end-users to enter bug reports directly.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other systems are used only internally in a company or organization doing <a href="Software_development" title="Software development">software development</a>. Typically bug tracking systems are integrated with other <a href="Project_management_software" title="Project management software">project management software</a>.

</p><p>A bug tracking system is usually a necessary component of a professional software development infrastructure, and consistent use of a bug or issue tracking system is considered one of the "hallmarks of a good software team".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Making">Making</h2></div>

<p>A major component of a bug tracking system is a <a href="Database" title="Database">database</a> that records facts about known bugs. Facts may include the time a bug was reported, its severity, the <a href="Erroneous_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Erroneous program">erroneous program</a> behavior, and details on how to reproduce the bug; as well as the identity of the person who reported it and any programmers who may be working on fixing it.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Typical bug tracking systems support the concept of the life cycle for a bug which is tracked through the status assigned to the bug. A bug tracking system should allow administrators to configure permissions based on status, move the bug to another status, or delete the bug. The system should also allow administrators to configure the bug statuses and to what extent a bug in a particular status can be moved. Some systems will e-mail interested parties, such as the submitter and assigned programmers, when new records are added or the status changes.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2></div>

<p>The main benefit of a bug-tracking system is to provide a clear centralized overview of development requests (including both bugs and improvements; the boundary is often fuzzy), and their state. The prioritized list of pending items (often called backlog) provides valuable input when defining the product road map, or maybe just "the next release".

</p><p>In a corporate environment, a bug-tracking system may be used to generate reports on the productivity of programmers at fixing bugs. However, this may sometimes yield inaccurate results because different bugs may have different levels of severity and complexity. The severity of a bug may not be directly related to the complexity of fixing the bug. There may be different opinions among the managers and architects.

</p><p>A <i>local bug tracker (LBT)</i> is usually a <a href="Computer_program" title="Computer program">computer program</a> used by a team of application support professionals (often a <a href="Help_desk" title="Help desk">help desk</a>) to keep track of issues communicated to software developers. Using an LBT allows support professionals to track bugs in their "own language" and not the "language of the developers." In addition, an LBT allows a team of support professionals to track specific information about users who have called to complain—this information may not always be needed in the actual development queue. Thus, there are two tracking systems when an LBT is in place.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Part_of_integrated_project_management_systems">Part of integrated project management systems</h2></div>

<p>Bug and issue tracking systems are often implemented as a part of integrated <a href="Project_management_software" title="Project management software">project management systems</a>.

This approach allows including bug tracking and fixing in a general product development process, fixing bugs in several product versions, automatic generation of a product <a href="Knowledge_base" title="Knowledge base">knowledge base</a> and release notes.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distributed_bug_tracking">Distributed bug tracking</h2></div>

<p>Some bug trackers are designed to be used with <a href="Distributed_revision_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Distributed revision control">distributed revision control</a> software. These distributed bug trackers allow bug reports to be conveniently read, added to the database or updated while a developer is offline.<sup id="cite_ref-lwn-distributed_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lwn-distributed-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Fossil_(software)" title="Fossil (software)">Fossil</a> and Veracity both include distributed bug trackers.

</p><p>Recently, commercial bug tracking systems have also begun to integrate with <a href="Distributed_version_control" title="Distributed version control">distributed version control</a>. <a href="FogBugz" title="FogBugz">FogBugz</a>, for example, enables this functionality via the source-control tool, Kiln.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Although <a href="Wiki" title="Wiki">wikis</a> and bug tracking systems are conventionally viewed as distinct types of software, <a href="Ikiwiki" title="Ikiwiki">ikiwiki</a> can also be used as a distributed bug tracker. It can manage documents and code as well, in an integrated distributed manner. However, its query functionality is not as advanced or as user-friendly as some other, non-distributed bug trackers such as <a href="Bugzilla" title="Bugzilla">Bugzilla</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ikiwiki_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ikiwiki-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similar statements can be made about <a href="Org-mode" title="Org-mode">org-mode</a>, although it is not wiki software as such.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bug_tracking_and_test_management">Bug tracking and test management</h2></div>

<p>While traditional <a href="Test_management_tool" title="Test management tool">test management tools</a> such as <a href="HP_Quality_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="HP Quality Center">HP Quality Center</a> and IBM Rational Quality Manager come with their own bug tracking systems, other tools integrate with popular bug tracking systems.

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<ul><li><a href="Application_lifecycle_management" title="Application lifecycle management">Application lifecycle management</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_issue-tracking_systems" title="Comparison of issue-tracking systems">Comparison of issue-tracking systems</a> – Including bug tracking systems</li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_project_management_software" title="Comparison of project management software">Comparison of project management software</a> – Including bug tracking systems</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFBogomil_Shopov2014" class="citation web cs1">Bogomil Shopov (September 8, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141113131614/http://www.sitepoint.com/implement-client-side-bug-reporting-usersnap/">"Implement Client-side Bug Reporting"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sitepoint.com/implement-client-side-bug-reporting-usersnap/">the original</a> on 13 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJoel_Spolsky2000" class="citation web cs1">Joel Spolsky (November 8, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/fog0000000029.html">"Painless Bug Tracking"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2010</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKaner2000" class="citation web cs1">Kaner, Cem (July 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kaner.com/pdfs/bugadvoc.pdf">"Bug Advocacy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>kaner.com</i>. pp. 81, 98<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-19</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-lwn-distributed-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lwn-distributed_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJonathan_Corbet2008" class="citation web cs1">Jonathan Corbet (May 14, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lwn.net/Articles/281849/">"Distributed bug tracking"</a>. <i><a href="LWN.net" title="LWN.net">LWN.net</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130705174337/http://www.fogcreek.com/fogbugz/features/issue-and-bug-tracking.html">"FogBugz Features"</a>. <i>Fogbugz.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fogcreek.com/FogBugz/learnmore.html">the original</a> on 2013-07-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-10-29</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-ikiwiki-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ikiwiki_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJoey_Hess2007" class="citation web cs1">Joey Hess (6 April 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.networkworld.com/article/829935/lan-wan-integrated-issue-tracking-with-ikiwiki.html">"Integrated issue tracking with Ikiwiki"</a>. <i>NetworkWorld.com</i>. <a href="International_Data_Group" title="International Data Group">IDG</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/bugs.html">How to Report Bugs Effectively</a> by <a href="Simon_Tatham" title="Simon Tatham">Simon Tatham</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dist-bugs.kitenet.net/software/">List of distributed bug tracking software</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Bug_tracking_systems302" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Years indicate the date of first stable release.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Client-server</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Free_software" title="Free software">Free software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="GNATS" title="GNATS">GNATS</a> (<time>1992</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Debbugs" title="Debbugs">Debbugs</a> (<time>1994</time> / <time>1999</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Bugzilla" title="Bugzilla">Bugzilla</a> (<time>1998</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Request_Tracker" title="Request Tracker">Request Tracker</a> (<time>1999</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Mantis_Bug_Tracker" title="Mantis Bug Tracker">MantisBT</a> (<time>2000</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Roundup_(issue_tracker)" title="Roundup (issue tracker)">Roundup</a> (<time>2001</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Redmine" title="Redmine">Redmine</a> (<time>2006</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Apache_Allura" title="Apache Allura">Apache Allura</a> (<time>2009</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Phabricator" title="Phabricator">Maniphest</a> (<time>2010</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Tuleap_(project_management)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuleap (project management)">Tuleap</a> (<time>2011</time>)</li>

<li><a href="GitLab" title="GitLab">GitLab</a> (<time>2011</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Apache_Bloodhound" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Bloodhound">Apache Bloodhound</a> (<time>2012</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Gitea" title="Gitea">Gitea</a> (<time>2016</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Codeberg" title="Codeberg">Codeberg</a> (<time>2019</time>)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Helix_ALM" title="Helix ALM">Helix ALM</a> (formerly TestTrack) (<time>1998</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Axosoft" class="mw-redirect" title="Axosoft">Axosoft</a> (<time>2002</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Azure_DevOps_Server" title="Azure DevOps Server">Azure DevOps Server</a> (<time>2005</time>)</li>

<li><a href="YouTrack" title="YouTrack">YouTrack</a> (<time>2009</time>)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Distributed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Free_software" title="Free software">Free software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Fossil_(software)" title="Fossil (software)">Fossil</a> (<time>2006</time>)</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Azure_DevOps_Server" title="Azure DevOps Server">Azure DevOps Server</a> (<time>2013</time>)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="SaaS" class="mw-redirect" title="SaaS">SaaS</a>-only</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="SourceForge" title="SourceForge">SourceForge</a> (<time>1999</time>)</li>

<li><a href="GNU_Savannah" title="GNU Savannah">GNU Savannah</a> (<time>2000</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Launchpad_(website)" title="Launchpad (website)">Launchpad</a> (<time>2004</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Assembla" title="Assembla">Assembla</a> (<time>2005</time>)</li>

<li><a href="CodePlex" title="CodePlex">CodePlex</a> (<time>2006</time>) <span style="font-size: 85%;">discontinued</span></li>

<li><a href="GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a> (<time>2008</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Bitbucket" title="Bitbucket">Bitbucket</a> (<time>2008</time>)</li>

<li><a href="YouTrack" title="YouTrack">YouTrack</a> (<time>2011</time>)</li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Visual_Studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Visual Studio">Azure DevOps Services</a> (<time>2012</time>)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_issue-tracking_systems" title="Comparison of issue-tracking systems">Comparison</a></li></ul>

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